浅析化工园区大气特征因子自动监测综合分析

从总体状况评价、浓度变化特征、疑似源探寻等角度初步分析了某化工园区大气特征因子自动监测数据。分析表明,合理选用不同水平的数据集可以突出大气特征因子的规律性,尤其是疑似源探寻;采用现场检查等手段与自动监测的相互校核十分必要,特别是便携式气相色谱质谱仪对特征因子自动监测系统“假阳性”识别。     

还原法修复六价铬污染土壤的研究

摘要：铬渣中含有毒性较强的六价铬化合物,其严重污染环境。本文通过实验室模拟试验,研究了硫代硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸和硫酸亚铁等还原剂对铬渣污染土壤中六价铬的解毒效果。探讨了还原剂的浓度、pH和反应时间对六价铬还原效果的影响。结果表明：亚硫酸钠浓度为1mol／L、pH9．5和反应时间为15min时对六价铬的还原效果最佳。     

丁二烯缓冲罐自聚物的生成原因及防范措施

分析了ABS树脂生产装置丁二烯缓冲罐中丁二烯自聚物的生成原因,提出了预防措施,避免丁二烯自聚物的生成,保证装置的安全平稳运行。     

Phosphatase activity and culture conditions of the yeast Candida mycoderma sp. and analysis of organic phosphorus hydrolysis ability

Orthophosphate is an essential but limiting macronutrient for plant growth. About 67% cropland in China lacks sufficient phosphorus, especially that with red soil. Extensive soil phosphorus reserves exist in the form of organic phosphorus, which is unavailable for root uptake unless hydrolyzed by secretory acid phosphatases. Thus, many microorganisms with the ability to produce phosphatase have been exploited. In this work, the activity of an extracellular acid phosphatase and yeast biomass from Candida mycoderma was measured under different culture conditions, such as pH, temperature, and carbon source. A maximal phosphatase activity of 8.47 × 10^5±0.11× 10^5 U/g was achieved by C. Mycoderma in 36 hr under the optimal conditions. The extracellular acid phosphatase has high activity over a wide pH tolerance range from 2.5 to S.0 （optimum pH 3.5）. The effects of different phosphorus compounds on the acid phosphatase production were also studied. The presence of phytin, lecithin or calcium phosphate reduced the phosphatase activity and biomass yield significantly. In addition, the pH of the culture medium was reduced significantly by lecithin. The efficiency of the strain in releasing orthophosphate from organic phosphorus was studied in red soil （used in planting trees） and rice soil （originating as red soil）. The available phosphorus content was increased by 230% after inoculating 20 days in rice soil and decreased by 50% after inoculating 10 days in red soil. This work indicates that the yeast strain C. mycoderma has potential application for enhancing phosphorus utilization in plants that grow in rice soil.     

Seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate, peroxypropionyl nitrate, and carbon tetrachloride in Beijing

Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN), peroxypropionyl nitrate(PPN), and carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) were measured from September 2010 to August 2011 in Beijing. PAN exhibited low values from mid-autumn to early spring(October to March) with monthly average concentrations ranging from 0.28 to 0.73 ppbV, and increased from early spring to summer(March to August), ranging from 1.37–3.79 ppbV. The monthly variation of PPN was similar to PAN, with low values(below detection limit to 0.18 ppbV) from mid-autumn to early spring, and a monthly maximum in September(1.14 ppbV). The monthly variation of CCl4was tightly related to the variation of temperature, exhibiting a minimum in winter(69.3 pptV) and a maximum of 180.6 pptV in summer. Due to weak solar intensity and short duration, PAN and O3showed no distinct diurnal patterns from morning to night during winter, whereas for other seasons, they both exhibited maximal values in the late afternoon(ca. 15:00 to 16:00 local time) and minimal values during early morning and midnight. Good linear correlations between PAN and PPN were found in autumn(R = 0.91), spring(R = 0.94), and summer(R = 0.81), with slopes of 0.130, 0.222, and 0.133, respectively, suggesting that anthropogenic hydrocarbons dominated the photochemical formation of PANs in Beijing. Positive correlation between PAN and O3 in summer with the low slopes( O3 / PAN) ranging from 9.92 to 18.0 indicated serious air pollution in Beijing, and strong negative correlation in winter reflected strong O3consumption by NO titration and less thermal decompositin of PAN.     

对秦皇岛港西港搬迁改造工程的绿色思考

秦皇岛港西港搬迁改造工程对完善港口功能,振兴临港产业,缓解城市污染,促进港城互动,建设美丽港城,具有重要历史意义。针对搬迁改造工程中存在的问题与不足,提出应进一步完善搬迁改造规划,加大环保力度,从秦皇岛港口规划、布局到建设、生产,全面落实《绿色港口评价等级标准》,将改造工程对环境的负面影响降到最低,全力将秦皇岛港建设成为绿色港口。     

内蒙古工业实现节能减排的对策研究

以资源、能源为依托的工业结构和粗放的增长方式是内蒙古工业的主要特点,也是实现节能减排目标的瓶颈.通过淘汰落后生产能力、加快接续产业发展、推动资源型产业发展高端和集成产品、促进节能减排技术的研发和应用、发展循环经济以及建立配套的政策、法规体系,力促内蒙古工业实现节能减排目标,走出一条资源节约与环境友好的新型发展道路.     

化工园区空气中非甲烷总烃与挥发性有机物的定量关系

采用美国环保署(EPA)推荐的TO14/15方法和自动监测测定了某化工园区空气中挥发性有机物(VOC)以及非甲烷总烃,测定结果显示化工园区空气中非甲烷总烃与VOC的定量关系可以通过有效碳质量浓度建立,即非甲烷总烃有效碳质量浓度和VOC有效碳质量浓度之和相等。并藉此定义总有效碳解析度(R)以表征空气自动监测选定项目对空气有机污染的覆盖率指标,计算结果表明该空气自动监测选定的11项指标平均可表征该区域空气有机污染的71%。     

大学生就业难的原因分析及指导对策

本文对大学生就业存在的自身问题、高校办学专业设置和培养模式问题、用人单位的误区问题以及现今的社会问题等进行了理性分析，并提出了加强对大学生的就业指导，引导大学生树立科学理性的就业观，广泛疏通就业途径和集聚多方力量鼓励大学生自主创业的对策。     

碳纳米管电极原位产生过氧化氢及其对亚甲基蓝脱色效果简

将碳纳米管固定化制成多孔疏水性导电薄膜构建电化学阴极还原体系，实现过氧化氢在阴极的原位产生。电极特性研究表明，电极在较宽的电压范围内均具有较好的活性。考察了阴极电位、电极成分、氧气流量和电解质浓度对过氧化氢原位产生的影响，在优化条件下经过120 min后过氧化氢达到66.17 mg/L，并探讨过氧化氢原位产生的机理。在此基础上考察原位过氧化氢氧化工艺下对亚甲基蓝的脱色效果，并分析其脱色机理。